美国前副总统戈尔在COP24企业边会的演讲全文

Thank you all very much for being here. It is true that I have been to each one of these openings of the China Pavilion. It is because of the importance of China as a leader of the world community. I will say that it is also because of my deep personal respect for Xie Zhenhua. I have worked for many many years on the climate crisis. There is no more valued partner than Mr. Xie. If there were just a few more of him, climate crisis would be solved. He is a humble man, and represents the national interests of China extremely well, and he’s very skillful in the negotiations.

He’s also become a personal friend over the years. We have known each other for 25 years almost. When I first gave a presentation at the Great Hall of the People on the climate crisis, we were both young men then, but he's still younger than me. And I still value his advice as I would value the advice of an older brother. Thank you very much for your hard work, for all of the time you have invested in mastering the complexities of the climate crisis and the solutions.

I also want to acknowledge my dear friend, Wang Shi, who is a leader in the business community in China and in the world. We have worked together for several years and together hosted a meeting of the largest urban developers in China for two days in Beijing and developed a set of principles for climate responsible development. And all of the largest property developers and urban designers in China agreed to these principles. And then the government said, ok, we're going to codify these in law. So, those are only some of the fruits of our work together. And I want to thank Wang Shi and the Vanke Foundation for hosting this event.

This is a difficult Conference of the Parties, but I am optimistic that at its conclusion, we will see progress being made as we have almost all of these conferences. The period of time between the Paris Agreement and the 2020 review period, when all nations will be asked to increase their ambition is a critical time. And the adoption of a rule book here, transparency principles and other items on the agenda are very important. I know the Secretary General of the United Nations was here yesterday and is coming back tonight and will be here tomorrow as well. And I'm very grateful to him for that.

感谢大家今天来参会，确实，我参加了每一次中国角活动。这是因为中国是国际社会领导者，地位举足轻重。当然，也是因为我对解振华先生有着深深的敬意。我在气候危机方面工作了很多年，解先生是最重要的合作伙伴。如果有更多的像解先生这样的伙伴，气候危机就会解决了。解先生非常谦虚，很好地代表了中国的国家利益，谈判技巧也非常娴熟。

多年来，我们私交深厚。我们已经相识约25年了，当我第一次在人民大会堂做气候危机的演讲时，我们都还是年轻人，如今他依然比我年轻。而且我一如既往地重视他的建议，就像听取兄长的建议一样。非常感谢您的辛勤工作以及您在掌握气候危机的复杂性和寻找解决方案所投入的时间。

我还要感谢我亲爱的朋友王石，他是享誉中外的商界领袖。我们合作了几年，也曾经在北京共同召开了为期两天的城市开发商会议，汇集了中国最大的开发商，并制定了一套气候责任发展原则。中国所有的大型房地产开发商和知名城市设计师都赞同这些原则。中国政府也同意将这些内容在法律中进行体现。这些只是我们共同努力的部分成果。我要感谢王石先生和万科公益基金会主办此次活动。

组织这样的会议并不容易，但我十分乐观，这次活动将会像之前的会议一样，取得丰硕的成果。《巴黎协定》自通过之时起到2020年盘点期之间的时间十分关键，所有国家都必须制定更高的目标。规则手册的采用、透明度原则和议程上的其他项目都非常重要。我知道联合国秘书长昨天也来到这里，今晚和明天也会莅临现场，我非常感谢他的到来。

I want to praise China's leadership and endorse some of the points made by Xie Zhenhua. China is one of the few countries on track to meet its Paris commitments and has already exceeded some of its own targets on renewables. China has become a global leader in financing renewable energy, having accounted for 40% of global clean energy investment in calendar year 2017, China invested over 40 billion dollars in clean energy around the world in 2017 from all sources.

And last year, China by itself added more solar electric generation 53 gigawatts than any other country had in total at that time. Remarkably, China also accounted for around 60% of all global solar cell production. So, the world would not be as far along as it is in solving the climate crisis, except for what China has done.

It has also invested in a range of additional fields, including wind power, electric cars and buses. Shanghai and Shenzhen are already buying only electric buses. Other cities around the world are budging to reach that milestone soon. Energy storage is also a prominent field of Chinese investments. And the introduction of a new emissions trading market in some sectors with the intention to expand to other sectors is also a very important accomplishment.

There are a host of other parallel programs and initiatives promoting low carbon development in Chinese cities. I also wish to endorse Mr. Xie’s comments about the relationship between economic development and the reduction of carbon emissions.

And I would like to give you a few examples from my country, the number one fastest growing job in the United States of America is solar installers. These jobs are growing nine times faster than the average job growth in the United States. The number two fastest growing job in the United States is wind turbine technician.

The world is now in the early stages of what can be described as a sustainability revolution. And it is based on the new tools that engineers and business leaders have available to them, artificial intelligence, machine learning, the internet of things, big data, supercomputing. These tools are giving business teams the ability to manage electrons, atoms and molecules with the same precision that the information technology companies have used in managing bits of information.

This sustainability revolution has the magnitude of the industrial revolution with the speed of the digital revolution. And it is transforming business and industrial activities in every sector of the economy. I must say, also, however, that our world is running out of time. We are still putting one hundred ten million tons of man-made heat trapping global warming pollution into the atmosphere every day.

我想赞赏中国的领导人，也赞同解振华先生提出的观点。中国是少数几个有望履行巴黎承诺的国家之一，并且已经超额实现了一些可再生能源目标。中国已成为可再生能源融资的全球领导者。2017年，中国对清洁能源的投资占全球的40％，通过各个渠道的融资，在全球范围内对该领域的投入超过400亿美元。

去年，中国新增太阳能发电量53吉瓦，比其他国家的总量还多。值得注意的是，中国同时占全球太阳能电池产量的60％左右。因此，如果没有中国所做的贡献，全球在解决气候危机问题上不能达到现有的高度。

中国在其他领域也有投资，比如风力发电、电动汽车和电动公交车。目前，上海和深圳只采购电动公交车。世界各地的其他城市也将改变态度迎来这一里程碑。储能也是中国投资的一个重要领域。在某些行业引入新的碳排放交易市场以此推广至其他行业，这也是一项非常重要的成就。

还有许多促进中国城市低碳发展的并行计划和举措。我也赞同解先生关于经济发展与减少碳排放之间关系的评论。

我想举几个美国的例子。美国增长最快的工作是太阳能安装工。这些工作的增长速度是美国就业平均增速的九倍。排名第二的是风力涡轮机技术员。

可以说，世界现在处于可持续性革命的早期阶段。它基于工程师和商业领袖可以使用的新工具，包括人工智能、机器学习、物联网、大数据和超级计算。这些工具使业务团队能够精准地处理电子、原子和分子，如同信息技术公司管理信息可以精确到位元一样精准。

这场可持续性革命具有工业革命的量级和数字革命的速度。它正在改变各个经济部门的商业和工业活动。然而，我必须说，我们的世界已经没时间可以浪费了，我们仍然每天产生1.1亿吨碳排放，日复一日持续加剧全球变暖。

After three years of stabilized emissions, emissions started going up again last year, 1.7 percent. And this year, at least according to the statistics of measuring the first nine months of this year, the emissions have gone up 2.7 percent. And it is, after all, not just the annual additions to the global warming pollution in the atmosphere. It is the accumulated amount, because on average, this global warming pollution stays in the atmosphere for very long periods of time, much of it for a thousand years and more.

And the cumulative amount that we have put into the atmosphere now traps as much extra heat energy as would be released by five hundred thousand Hiroshima-class atomic bombs exploding every day. This extra heat energy is melting the North Pole in winter. It is melting the ice on Greenland and Antarctica and threatening to radically accelerate sea level rise, threatening areas like Guangzhou, Shanghai, Miami, New York, Newark, and not to mention Kolkata, Mumbai, West Africa, the low-lying pacific island nations and the delta Bangladesh, countless regions where our coastal species have built cities and villages and homes and farms.

We are seeing temperatures increased quite dramatically. Seventeen of the eighteen hottest years ever measured have been in the last eighteen years. In a few weeks, the scientists will add 2018 to that list. And we will say eighteen of the nineteen hottest years have happened in the last nineteen years. We are seeing temperatures reach extremely high levels in some areas of Pakistan, India, the Middle East and North Africa.

And this extra heat energy is disrupting the water cycle upon which life depends because more than 90% of the heat energy goes into the oceans of the world. And that increases dramatically the water vapor coming from the oceans into the sky. The atmospheric rivers that carry this moisture over the land are often fifty times larger than the Yangtze River. And when they meet the conditions over the land that trigger a downpour. What results are rain booms that cause destructive flooding and mud slides and rock slides. And there has already been great loss of life in China, in the US and other countries around the world.

碳排放稳定了三年之后，去年的排放量再次上升1.7％。而今年，根据前九个月的统计数据，排放量上升了2.7％。不过，导致全球变暖的污染并不仅仅来自每年新增的排放，而是累积的排放。平均而言，这种导致全球变暖的污染在很长一段时间内都会停留在大气中，其中大部分都会持续一千年甚至更长时间。

大气层中我们累计的相当于每天有五十万个广岛级原子弹爆炸所释放的热能。这种额外的热能在冬天也能融化北极。这种额外的热能正使格陵兰岛和南极洲的冰层融化，并飞快地加速海平面上升，威胁到广州、上海、迈阿密、纽约、纽瓦克等地区，更不用说加尔各答、孟买、西非、低洼太平洋岛国和孟加拉三角洲等不计其数的地区，而这些地区的人们建有城市、村庄、房屋和农场。

我们看到气温急剧上升。有史以来最热的18年中，有17年出现在过去的18年里。几个星期后，科学家们将会把2018年也列入其中。也就是说在最热的19年中，有18年出现在过去的19年里。我们看到巴基斯坦、印度、中东和北非的一些地区已达到极度高温。

而这种额外的热能正在破坏生命所赖以生存的水循环，因为超过90%的太阳能进入了海洋。这大大增加了从海洋进入大气的水蒸气，大气中携带的水量是长江的50倍。当他们遇到引发倾盆大雨的条件时，雨水会导致破坏性的洪水、泥石流和岩石滑坡。在中国、美国和世界其他国家，很多人因此丧生。

Moreover, heating of the oceans makes the typhoons much stronger and invests them with much more water. And so their destructive power is much greater. The same extra heat also pulls the moisture out of the soil and makes the droughts deeper and makes them last longer. Inner Mongolia has just had a devastating drought. The American Midwest and Southwest have also had such droughts. And as Mr. Xie mentioned, the devastating fires and California have also been a consequence, but not only in California, in countries all over the world. In Sweden this year, there were six fires above the Arctic circle. Part of Greenland caught on fire, not the area covered by the ice, but the area is still covered by vegetation.

Tropical diseases are moving northward in the northern hemisphere into regions where they have never been prominent before. Ticks, mosquitoes and other vectors that carry these diseases are spreading.

So the bad news is suffering, and we must respond to it. The good news is encouraging, and it is almost miraculous. And indeed, due partly to China's leadership that we have seen the emergence of these new alternatives to fossil fuels and to development patterns that contribute to the destruction of our future. How do we solve the crisis by implementing these solutions? We need policies that stop subsidizing the burning of fossil fuels and start encouraging the acceleration of this transition called the sustainability revolution.

此外，海洋升温使得台风携带更多的雨水，也使其破坏力更大。同样，全球变暖也会使土壤蒸发更多水分，使干旱更严重，并持续更长时间。内蒙古刚刚发生了毁灭性的旱灾。美国中西部和西南部也经历了这样的旱灾。解先生提到的加利福尼亚毁灭性的火灾也是一个后果，其实不仅发生在加州，而是在世界各国。今年，瑞典的北极圈地区发生了6次火灾。格陵兰的部分地区也发生火灾，不是被冰覆盖的地区，而是在仍有植被覆盖的地区。

热带疾病正在向北移动到北半球以前从未大规模传播的地区。携带这些疾病的蜱虫、蚊子和其他载体正在蔓延。

所以我们必须对令人痛苦的坏消息采取行动。好消息令人鼓舞，简直称得上奇迹。实际上，一定程度上来说，在中国的领导下，我们已经看到取代化石燃料的替代资源以及取代破坏性发展模式的新模式。我们如何实施这些解决方案来解决气候危机？我们需要制定政策，停止补贴化石燃料，并开始鼓励加速可持续性革命的转型。

In order for these new policies to succeed, they must be global in scope. And that is why we are all here. This effort, which began in 1992 at the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit continues, but it is now evident that we are not moving fast enough. The problem is getting worse more quickly than we are implementing the solutions.

And while I used to be a diplomat of sorts, I now can speak a little more freely. And I must confess to you that I'm deeply concerned about the policies pursued by the president of my own country.

But for those of you who quietly share that opinion, I want to give you some encouragement on that front as well. Last month, the elections for the US congress represented the biggest repudiation of a sitting president in the entire history of the United States during a midterm election. And it may represent an indication that less than two years from now, the presidency may change.

And President Trump’s stated intention to withdraw from the Paris Agreement cannot be implemented legally until the first day after the next presidential election. So the people of my country still have the deciding role in US policies where the Paris Agreement are concerned. And if a new president is in office, excuse me for a moment, then a new president can give thirty-day notice, and the US would be right back in the Paris Agreement. So for anyone who listens to Donald J Trump, who has become the face of global climate denial, and feels some temptation to despair, I hope the United States will return to good political health.

为了使新政策取得成功，必须在全球层面执行。这就是为什么今天我们都聚集于此。全球层面的努力始于1992年里约热内卢的地球峰会，虽然我们仍在持续努力，但显然我们的行动速度还不够快。问题的恶化远比我们实施解决方案的速度更快。

我曾常常发表外交辞令，但现在我可以更自由地表达了。我必须承认，我非常担心我国总统所奉行的政策。

但对于那些私底下赞同我的观点的人，我想给你们一些鼓舞人心的消息。上个月在中期选举期间，美国国会的选举反映了在美国整个历史上对于现任总统的最大否定。这可能预示，即从现在起还有不到两年的时间，总统座位上的人可能会发生变化。

虽然特朗普总统宣布退出《巴黎协定》，但是要到下一届总统选举日的次日后才能合法实施。因此，我国民众在与《巴黎协定》相关的美国政策中仍然具有决定性作用。如果新总统当选，原谅我这么说，那么新总统可以提前三十天通知，而美国将会重新回到《巴黎协定》中。因此，特朗普已经成为否认全球气候的代言人，对于那些听到唐纳德·特朗普的言论，并且感到绝望的人，我想说我希望美国能够恢复良好的政治健康。

Help is on the way. It is not far off. In the meantime, we must continue with our work to implement the policies that we know can succeed if we accelerate the pace of progress. And of course, both of our countries, China and the United States, must continue to make changes. Mr. Xie mentioned California. California, if it were a nation, would be the fifth largest economy in the world. And California since the meeting in San Francisco that we both shared, has just legally bounded itself to become a zero carbon economy by 2045. And California has a well-established record of actually doing what it says it will do.

Meanwhile, the newly elected members of the US congress are providing new leadership and demanding a green new deal, a reference to Franklin Roosevelt's plan in the 1930s. But with a twist, we can create tens of millions of new jobs, building renewable energy, electric vehicles, battery storage, retrofitting buildings, designing urban communities according to a climate friendly model, transforming agriculture and forestry to sustainable models, and the most difficult challenge of all, implementing a circular economy, which President Xi Jinping has provided leadership in advocating. We can solve this crisis.

And when we do, it will be China and the US who will have provided the critical leadership. I have to say we must stop financing the construction of dirty coal plants in other countries. And the US must stop subsidizing the burning of fossil fuels. So there are items on the agenda for both countries, even as we look toward a future of peaceful cooperation. This relationship, which was the key to the Paris Agreement one year before the Paris Agreement was signed, will continue to be the key to world progress.

I will simply close, as I often do, by saying that anyone who doubts that we as human beings in this moment, when our decisions will have a profound impact on the lives of all generations to follow us, if anyone doubts that, we as human beings in the United States, in China, in the rest of the world, have the political will to do what is necessary. Please remember that political will is itself a renewable resource. Xiexie.

事态即将改变。与此同时，我们必须继续努力实施政策，我们知道只要加快步伐，这些政策就能成功。当然，中国和美国都必须继续做出改变。解先生提到了加州，如果把加州看作是一个国家，它则是世界第五大经济体。加州自旧金山会议后，在法律上承诺到2045年形成零碳经济。加州一直是言出必行的范例。

与此同时，新当选的美国国会议员正在展示新的领导力，并要求仿照20世纪30年代的罗斯福新政执行绿色新政。绿色新政下，我们可以创造数以千万计的新工作岗位，发展可再生能源、电动汽车、电池存储，对建筑进行节能改造，根据气候友好模式设计城市社区，将农业和林业转变为可持续模式，以及实行循环经济，这是最有挑战性的一项，也是习近平主席倡导的模式。我们可以解决这场危机。

只有当中国和美国发挥关键领导作用时，我们才能解决这场气候危机。我们必须停止为其他国家的污染大气的火力发电厂提供资金。美国必须停止补贴化石燃料。在我们展望和平合作的未来时，两国都要将这些项目纳入议程。两国的关系是“巴黎协定”签署的关键，在签署前一年如此，也将继续成为世界进步的关键。

我想用我常说的几句话来结尾。此刻如果有人怀疑，我们人类的决定是否会对我们的后代产生深远的影响，请加入我们；如果有人怀疑，美国人、中国人以及在世界各国的人民是否有政治意愿去完成应有之义，请记住——政治意愿本身也是一种可再生资源。谢谢！

（本文由演讲录音整理，未经演讲人审阅。）